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A tire is a complex high-tech product. The comfort and safety of driving largely depends on the design and quality of the tires installed on the car.
Tires are one of the few car parts in which the car owner has a lot of freedom of choice and can be creative when buying.
Car tires.
Currently, hundreds of tire models from dozens of manufacturers are on sale. This section is designed to help car owners understand the main features of tire design and make the right choice when buying.
Tire design elements:
1 - sidewalls;
2 - frame;
3 - shoulder zone;
4 - breaker;
5 - protector;
6 - camera;
7 - rim tape;
8 - rim;
9 - board.
A tire is an elastic rubber-cord part of a pneumatic tire that perceives traction and braking forces and provides rubber adhesion to the road. The main elements of the tire are carcass 2, breaker 4, tread 5, sidewalls 1 and beads 9 (tire structural elements).
Case.
The chamber (driving chamber) is a rubber annular pipe with a special valve.
tire chamber.
Tube tire - a tire in combination with a tube.
A tubeless tire is a tire that does not require a tube. The tightness of the cavity is achieved by the special structure of the cover itself and the rim.
The carcass is the most important power part of the tire, providing its strength, perceiving internal air pressure and transferring loads to the wheel from external forces acting from the side of the road.
The task of the carcass is to maintain the damping properties of the tire, as well as to keep the amount of air necessary for this in the tire.
The frame consists of one or more layers of rubberized cord superimposed on each other. Depending on the carcass design, dimensions, allowable load and air pressure in the tire, the number of cord layers in the carcass can vary from 1 (for cars) to 16 or more (for trucks, agricultural tires, etc.).
Breaker - part of the tire, consisting of layers of cord and located between the carcass and tire tread. It serves to improve the connections of the carcass with the tread, prevents its delamination under the action of external and centrifugal forces, absorbs shock loads and increases the resistance of the carcass to mechanical damage.
In the breaker, the cords in adjacent layers intersect with each other and with the cords of the adjacent carcass ply, i.e. located diagonally regardless of the design of the tire.
Depending on the material of the cord, tires are divided into tires with a textile breaker, tires with a metal breaker, and when using a metal cord and in a carcass, they are all-metal cord.
Arrangement of carcass and tire breaker.
Tread - the outer part of the tire, which is a massive layer of rubber. From the outer surface, the tread has a relief pattern in the form of protrusions and grooves (lamellas), the so-called "treadmill". The pattern of the relief part determines the suitability of the tire to work in various road conditions. The wear resistance of the tire and the grip of the wheel with the road, as well as the level of noise and vibrations, depend on the quality of the tread.
Tire protector.
The shoulder area is the part of the tread located between the tread and the sidewall of the tire. It increases the lateral stiffness of the tire, absorbs part of the side loads transmitted by the treadmill, and improves the connection between the tread and the carcass.
Sidewall - a part of the tire located between the shoulder area and the bead, which is a relatively thin layer of elastic rubber, which is a continuation of the tread on the side walls of the carcass and protects it from moisture and mechanical damage. Tire designation and markings are applied to the sidewalls.
Bead - a rigid part of the tire, which serves to fasten and seal it (in the case of tubeless) on the wheel rim.
The base of the bead is an inextensible ring woven from rubber-coated steel wire. The bead consists of a layer of cord wrapped around a wire ring and a round or profiled rubber filler cord. The steel ring gives the board the necessary rigidity and strength, and the filler cord gives solidity and an elastic transition from the rigid ring to the sidewall rubber. On the outer side of the bead there is an onboard tape made of rubberized fabric, or cord, which protects the bead from abrasion against the rim and damage during installation and dismantling.
The article is missing:
- High-quality repair photos
Source: http://carpedia.club/
